流函数法在减径拔管上限分析中的应用

应用流函数法建立减径拔管的动可容速度场，用上限原理得出减径拔管的上限解，分析了摩擦状态，变形程度及相对壁厚等工艺参数对拉拔载荷的影响，从而得出最佳工艺参数。     

Tuning of transfer functions for analysis of wave–ship interactions

Transfer functions are often used together with a wave spectrum for analysis of wave–ship interactions, where one application addresses the prediction of wave-induced motions or other types of global responses. This paper presents a simple and practical method which can be used to tune the transfer function of such responses to facilitate improved prediction capability. The input to the method consists of a measured response, i.e. time series sequences from a given sensor, the 2D wave spectrum characterising the seaway in which the measurements are taken, and an initial estimate of the transfer function for the response in study. The paper presents results obtained using data from an in-service container ship. The 2D wave spectra are taken from the ERA5 database, while the transfer function is computed by a simple closed-form expression. The paper shows that the application of the tuned transfer function leads to predictions which are significantly improved compared to using the transfer function without tuning.     

The role of volume-delay functions in forecasting and evaluating congestion charging schemes: the Stockholm case

This paper uses observations from before and during the Stockkholm congestion charging trial in order to validate and improve a transportation model for Stockholm. The model overestimates the impact of the charges on traffic volumes while at the same time it substantially underestimates the impact on travel times. These forecast errors lead to considerable underestimation of economic benefits which are dominated by travel time savings. The source of error lies in the static assignment that is used in the model. Making the volume-delay functions (VDFs) steeper only marginally improves the quality of forecast but strongly impacts the result of benefit calculations. We therefore conclude that the dynamic assignment is crucial for an informed decision on introducing measures aimed at relieving congestion. However, in the absence of such a calibrated dynamic model for a city, we recommend that at least a sensitivity analysis with respect to the slope of VDFs is performed.     

防止高校图书馆电子阅览室功能弱化的对策

高校网络的发展和计算机的普及,弱化了电子阅览室的功能,而高校图书馆信息资源建设和读者服务与用户需求存在着差距,所以高校图书馆应加强特色信息数据库建设,加强区域合作,开展特色服务,是电子阅览室可持续发展的对策。     

深水张力腿平台非线性涡激特性及水动力性能研究

平台涡激运动易导致立管及系泊系统疲劳损伤,危害其安全稳定性。该文引入雷诺平均法求解NS方程结合DES湍流模型对不同流速下深水张力腿平台三维涡激运动及流场特性进行了数值研究。采用GAMBIT软件建立计算网格,将求解动力学控制方程的代码嵌入UDF求解器中,采用动网格技术实现流场更新并求得作用于平台立柱和浮箱上的瞬时升力和拖曳力。采用最大值统计法和均方根统计法进行数据统计。研究发现:张力腿平台涡激运动流向振幅的大小随着约化速度的增大而增大,但在小范围内波动;横向振幅曲线最大值出现在0°来流、约化速度U~*=8.0处,大小为0.38D;三种来流工况流向平衡位置随无因次速度的增大而增大,但增长速度有所区别,22.5°和45°下流向平衡位置的增加速度要明显大于0°来流;22.5°来流升力系数谱能量较为分散,立柱及浮箱之间的干扰具有强非线性效应;最后对张力腿平台表面压力系数分布及涡量等值面特性进行了分析和探讨。     

Estimating travel time functions for urban roads: options and issues

Travel time functions specify the relationship between the travel time on a road and the volume of traffic on the road. Until recently, the parameters of travel time functions were rarely estimated in practice; however, a compelling case can be made for the empirical examination of these functions. This paper reviews, and qualitatively evaluates, a range of options for developing a set of travel time functions. A hierarchy of travel time functions is defined based on four levels of network detail: area, corridor, route and link. This hierarchy is illustrated by considering the development of travel time functions for Adelaide. Alternative sources of data for estimating travel time functions are identified.

In general, the costs and benefits increase as the travel time functions are estimated at finer levels of network detail. The costs of developing travel time functions include data acquisition costs and analysis costs. The benefits include the potential for reducing prediction errors, the degree of application flexibility and the policy sensitivity of the travel time functions.     

Public transit subsidies, output effect and total factor productivity

This paper extends previous works on total factor productivity decomposition when firms receive both operating and capital subsidies. It shows that previous works considered either the lump-sum or substitution effects of these subsidies but not together. Using constrained cost minimization as the framework it offers formal proofs to show that cost increases are inevitable if the total effects of the subsidies are considered, and that total factor productivity growth results from increasing amounts of subsidies under economies of scale and in the absence of technical change. Applications of the decomposition equations derived to a sample of transit systems finds near constant returns to scale and negative contributions of these subsidies to total factor productivity growth. Technical change reverses this decline and results in total factor productivity growth. Further, it finds that the lump-sum effects of the subsidies reduce total factor productivity more than does the substitution effect.     

二层线性规划的模糊数学解法(Ⅱ)

针对上层有约束条件、下层有Ｎ个独立的决策单元的二层线性规划问题，提出了一种模糊数学解法。首先，把这种规划分解为若干单层规划；然后引入隶属函数，用３个定理对各单层规划的解进行讨论，最终把这种二层线性规划转化为求解一个单层线必规划问题。使问题得到了简化。     

论汉语的八大句类

由于思维定势的影响和理论背景的制约，汉语语法学界一直将现代汉语的句类模式定格在陈述、疑问、祈使、感叹的四分系统之中，句类划分理论上裹足不前、无法突破；操作上削足适履、无视事实。本文拟借鉴言语行为理论和认知心理学的研究成果，在整理分析大量汉语句子语料的基础上提出句子功能类型八分的模式，并进而分析八大句类的语用条件，从而构拟出一个全新的汉语句类系统。     

对ANN技术表达船体曲线算法的改进

应用人工神经元网络（ANN）技术表达船体曲线。根据问题性质，选用小波基作为前向单层神经网络的神经元激励函数，结合逐层学习（OHLO）算法对一艘3．6万吨散货船的后半体进行了表达。编程运算结果表明，该方法速度较传统的BP算法有较大提高。